![]() ![]() Other regions were accorded the Imperial immediacy that granted the empire direct control over the mountain passes. Foundation of a dynasty īy 1200, dominions across the Alpine plateau were controlled by the Houses of Savoy, Zähringer, Habsburg, and Kyburg. ![]() In 1300 another Alemannic population – the Walsers, who originated in Valais – entered the region and settled the mountain village of Triesenberg still preserves today features of Walser dialect. Until about 1100, the predominant language of the area was Romansch, but thereafter German began to gain ground in the territory. It would later be reunified with Middle Francia under the Holy Roman Empire, around AD 1000. The territory of present-day Liechtenstein formed part of East Francia. The area that later became Liechtenstein remained under Frankish hegemony ( Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties) until the Treaty of Verdun divided the Carolingian empire in AD 843, following the death of Charlemagne in 814. In the 6th century the entire region became part of the Frankish Empire following Clovis I's victory over the Alemanni at Tolbiac in AD 504. In the Early Middle Ages, the Alemanni settled the eastern Swiss plateau by the 5th century and the valleys of the Alps by the end of the 8th century, with Liechtenstein located at the eastern edge of Alemannia. Circa AD 260 Brigantium was destroyed by the Alemanni, a Germanic people who settled in the area in around AD 450. The Romans built and maintained a road which ran through the territory. The area was maintained by the Roman army, which maintained large legionary camps at Brigantium (Austria), near Lake Constance, and at Magia (Swiss). ![]() Liechtenstein then became integrated into the Roman province of Raetia. By 15 BC, Tiberius – later the second Roman emperor – with his brother, Drusus, conquered the entirety of the Alpine area. In 58 BC, at the Battle of Bibracte, Julius Caesar defeated the Alpine tribes, thereby bringing the region under close control of the Roman Republic. One of the most important tribal groups in the Alpine region were the Helvetii. The Hallstatt and La Tène cultures flourished during the late Iron Age, from around 450 BC-possibly under some influence of both the Greek and Etruscan civilisations. Neolithic farming settlements appeared in the valleys around 5300 BC. The oldest traces of human existence in the area of present-day Liechtenstein date back to the Middle Paleolithic era. Johann I Joseph, Prince of Liechtenstein from 1805 to 18 to 1836, by Johann Baptist von Lampi the Elder. It has a customs union and a monetary union with Switzerland. Although not a member of the European Union, it participates in both the Schengen Area and the European Economic Area. Liechtenstein is a member of the United Nations, the European Free Trade Association, and the Council of Europe. An Alpine country, Liechtenstein is mountainous, making it a winter sport destination. ![]() It was once known as a billionaire tax haven, but is no longer on any official blacklists of uncooperative tax haven countries. The country has a strong financial sector centred in Vaduz. Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan are the only two doubly landlocked countries in the world.Įconomically, Liechtenstein has one of the highest gross domestic products per person in the world when adjusted for purchasing power parity. It is also the smallest country to border two countries. Divided into 11 municipalities, its capital is Vaduz, and its largest municipality is Schaan. It is Europe's fourth-smallest country, with an area of just over 160 square kilometres (62 square miles) and a population of 38,749 (in 2019). Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and north. Liechtenstein is a semi-constitutional monarchy headed by the Prince of Liechtenstein the Prince's extensive powers are equivalent to those of a President in a semi-presidential system like France. Liechtenstein ( / ˈ l ɪ k t ən s t aɪ n/ ( listen) LIK-tən-styne German: ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (German: Fürstentum Liechtenstein), is a German-speaking microstate located in the Alps between Austria and Switzerland. ![]()
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